Notes: In conquering the untamed mind, two primary means are deployed. Positive effort, abhyāsa, is repeated and persistent training — reconditioning of the mind, relentless infusion of proper behavioral and cognitive patterns, progressive reprogramming of our neural pathways, the establishment of a reformed internal order. Negative effort, vairāgya, is detachment and dispassion, distancing of the self from the objects of the mind's craving, and beyond that, indifference to the resistance, pleading, defiance, negotiating, rebellion, despondency, etc. brought forward by the mind-in-training. Through persuasive training and detachment, in due time the mind is domesticated.